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Short Communication| Volume 272, P29-34, April 2023

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Rare and potentially fatal ‐ Cytogenetically cryptic TNIP1::PDGFRB and PCM1::FGFR1 fusion leading to myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia in children

Published:January 06, 2023DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.01.002
Rare and potentially fatal ‐ Cytogenetically cryptic TNIP1::PDGFRB and PCM1::FGFR1 fusion leading to myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia in children
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      Highlights

      • •
        The chameleon like variability and rarity of TK driven MLN-eos may delay correct diagnosis and thus the use of targeted therapies.
      • •
        Additional evaluation with fluorescence in-situ hybridization, array-based comparative genomic hybridization and RNA sequencing are recommended.
      • •
        First reported cases of a TNIP1::PDGFRB and PCM1::FGFR1 fusion leading to myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia in children.

      Abstract

      Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia (MLN-eos) are rare haematological neoplasms primarily affecting adults. The heterogeneous clinical picture and the rarity of the disease, especially in children, may delay an early diagnosis. MLN-eos are characterized by constitutive tyrosine kinase (TK) activity due to gene fusions. It is thus of importance to obtain a prompt genetic diagnosis to start a specific therapy.
      Here, we outline the clinical, genetic, and biochemical background of TK driven MLN-eos and report two extremely rare paediatric cases of MLN-eo, the used diagnostic methods, therapy and clinical outcomes.
      Our results demonstrate that, standard cytogenetic and molecular methods may not be sufficient to diagnose MLN-eo due to cytogenetically cryptic aberrations. We therefore recommend performing additional evaluation with fluorescence in-situ hybridization and molecular genetic methods (array-based comparative genomic hybridization and RNA sequencing) which will lead to the correct diagnosis. Following this diagnostic route we detected a TNIP1::PDGFRB and a PCM1::FGFR1 fusion in our patients. Thus, genetic diagnosis must be precise and quick in order to initiate adequate therapies with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or HSCT.

      Keywords

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      Article info

      Publication history

      Published online: January 06, 2023
      Accepted: January 5, 2023
      Received in revised form: November 11, 2022
      Received: April 14, 2022

      Identification

      DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.01.002

      Copyright

      © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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